FFmpegでRTSPカメラ映像を受信・変換・配信する

# Hikvision — チャンネル101がメインストリーム、102がサブストリーム
rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101

# Dahua — channel=1&subtype=0 がメインストリーム
rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.108:554/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&subtype=0

# ONVIF汎用 — 多くのカメラが対応
rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.100:554/onvif1

# Tapo（TP-Link）— stream1がメイン、stream2がサブ
rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.200:554/stream1

# USBカメラ（v4l2経由・Linux）— RTSPではないがFFmpegで直接取得可能
# /dev/video0

# FFmpegのバージョン確認
ffmpeg -version
# ffmpeg version 8.0.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2025 the FFmpeg developers

# RTSPプロトコルが有効か確認
ffmpeg -protocols 2>/dev/null | grep rtsp
# Input:  rtsp
# Output: rtsp

# 利用可能なデコーダー確認（H.264は必須）
ffmpeg -decoders 2>/dev/null | grep h264
# V..... h264                 H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10

ffprobe -rtsp_transport tcp \
  "rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101"

Input #0, rtsp, from 'rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101':
  Duration: N/A, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
  Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (Main), yuv420p, 1920x1080, 25 fps
  Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC), 16000 Hz, mono, fltp

ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp \
  -i "rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101" \
  -c copy \
  -t 60 \
  output.mp4

ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp \
  -i "rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101" \
  -c copy \
  -movflags +faststart \
  recording_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).mp4

ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp \
  -i "rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101" \
  -c copy \
  -f segment \
  -segment_time 3600 \
  -segment_format mp4 \
  -reset_timestamps 1 \
  -strftime 1 \
  "recordings/cam01_%Y%m%d_%H%M%S.mp4"

mkdir -p /var/www/hls/cam01

ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp \
  -i "rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101" \
  -c:v copy \
  -c:a aac -b:a 128k \
  -f hls \
  -hls_time 2 \
  -hls_list_size 10 \
  -hls_flags delete_segments+append_list \
  -hls_segment_filename "/var/www/hls/cam01/seg_%03d.ts" \
  "/var/www/hls/cam01/index.m3u8"

server {
    listen 8080;
    server_name localhost;

    location /hls/ {
        alias /var/www/hls/;
        types {
            application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
            video/mp2t ts;
        }
        add_header Cache-Control "no-cache";
        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*";
    }
}

ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp \
  -i "rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101" \
  -c:v libx264 -preset ultrafast -tune zerolatency -crf 23 \
  -c:a aac -b:a 128k \
  -f hls \
  -hls_time 2 \
  -hls_list_size 10 \
  -hls_flags delete_segments+append_list \
  "/var/www/hls/cam01/index.m3u8"

rtsp://192.168.1.64:554/...: Connection refused

# ポートが開いているか確認
nc -zv 192.168.1.64 554

# ファイアウォールを確認（Linux）
sudo iptables -L -n | grep 554

# カメラの管理画面でRTSPが有効になっているか確認
# Hikvision: 設定 → ネットワーク → 詳細設定 → ポート → RTSPポート

Server returned 401 Unauthorized (all attempts)

[rtsp @ 0x...] RTP: dropping old packet received too late

# UDPがデフォルト → TCPに変更
ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp \
  -i "rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101" \
  -c copy output.mp4

#!/bin/bash
RTSP_URL="rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101"
OUTPUT_DIR="/var/www/hls/cam01"

while true; do
  echo "[$(date)] Starting FFmpeg..."
  ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp \
    -timeout 5000000 \
    -i "$RTSP_URL" \
    -c:v copy -c:a aac \
    -f hls \
    -hls_time 2 \
    -hls_list_size 10 \
    -hls_flags delete_segments+append_list \
    -hls_segment_filename "$OUTPUT_DIR/seg_%03d.ts" \
    "$OUTPUT_DIR/index.m3u8"

  echo "[$(date)] FFmpeg exited with code $?. Restarting in 5 seconds..."
  sleep 5
done

# CPU使用率の確認（FFmpeg実行中に別ターミナルで）
top -p $(pgrep -f ffmpeg)

ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp \
  -i "rtsp://admin:password@192.168.1.64:554/Streaming/Channels/101" \
  -c:v h264_nvenc -preset p4 -tune ll \
  -c:a aac -b:a 128k \
  -f hls \
  -hls_time 2 \
  -hls_list_size 10 \
  -hls_flags delete_segments+append_list \
  "/var/www/hls/cam01/index.m3u8"